According to a scientific research which is carried out by the Beijing Normal University has indicated that the oxytocin (love chemical) decreases negative emotions and makes people fairly positive.
Oxytocin is secreted by the hypothalamus neural hormone, which in humans and animals ubiquitous, and plays an important role in childbirth and maternal relations. Prior studies have shown that oxytocin nasal spray can promote human trust, is also exploring for a variety of mental illness treatment, such as; autism, social anxiety disorder and depression.
In order to analyze the formation of oxytocin on faith and renewal, the researchers recruited more than 300 average age of about 23 years of Chinese college students to participate. Test was divided into two stages. In the first phase, subjects were first to see 40 different negative life events, such as cancer, obesity, unemployment and so on, they need to assess the possibility of their future life experiences of each event; after the end of the evaluation, will appear on the screen feedback about the event occurred and for their age, education level, the possibility of considerable socio-economic status of the human body.
The subjects were randomly assigned by an average intake of oxytocin nasal spray or a placebo, and the rest waited 40 minutes after the second stage of the test, subjects were asked to re-evaluate these 40 events occurring in the future may be in his body sex. The results indicated that oxytocin nasal spray will raise awareness of the learning rate positive feedback to promote its corresponding belief update, while weakening updated based on the belief of negative feedback.
The research also shows that social maladjustment in those individuals who, according to oxytocin reduced the negative feedback effect is particularly evident belief updates, such as depression, anxiety persons; and social well-adapted for those individual action is not so obvious. This finding suggests that the great potential of oxytocin for the treatment of depression, anxiety.
Wednesday, August 10, 2016
Mental Disorders
Expert Forum on Medical Ethics Association recently held in Shanghai,
the Shanghai Mental Health Center president Xu Yifeng throw a series of
studies of mental illness in the "Ethical question mark", triggering
concern.
Xu Yifeng says that as of now, our patients with mental disorders are about 100 million people, including patients with serious mental disorders about 16 million people, but the field of mental health clinical trial registration carried out quite small, for this area is the ethical concern rare.Xu Yifeng said that there was an international multi-center clinical trials, hope in the country conducted by the Shanghai Mental Health Center lead, but the hospital ethics committee review found that the informed consent translation was very simple, does not comply with the relevant regulations, they did not carry out This research.
"A standardized informed consent must meet two requirements: inform the full details of the content, the language is straightaway inform the international standard is in line with the reading ability of junior high school graduates," Xu Yifeng said, "In the medical practice, Because of professional knowledge, skills and other resources, unequal, patients and their families in a relatively weak one, mental illness is more specific, it must be considered for such special groups, in order to protect their rights and interests, based on the informed consent requirement more stringent. "Xu Yifeng introduced, if found in patients with associated impaired and unable to customize the implementation of informed consent, it is necessary to let the legal guardians together."In our hospital, patients and their families after reading the informed consent form, but also to answer a 'paper', there are multiple-choice questions about the content of the above-consent by the answer, it is determined whether or not they fully understand this informed consent, and further decides whether they can sign. "Xu Yifeng said.
Guardian can sign it on behalf of a patient?
Clinical trials often involve financial rewards, so easily lead to conflicts of interest. For patients with mental illness, the problem becomes more complex.Xu Yifeng, for example, the hospital has been carried out clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease in recruiting subjects, medical personnel will face this problem: elderly patients with no self-awareness, can not make decisions on behalf of their children can decide it?"If the patient is a child, the parents took the signature, usually no problem; but if the parents are patient, signed on behalf of their children, the hospital will need to be treated with caution, for example, an Alzheimer's patients have three children, we need to elect them as one. representatives signed, but the premise is that the three children must agree, as long as there is an objection, we will not let the patient in a clinical trial. "Xu Yifeng said," in the study of mental illness, because of the special nature of the patient, informed consent process often requires additional protection. "At present, the field of mental health and informed consent ethical review standards and the lack of relevant instructions. In this regard, Xu Yifeng said the hospital ethics committee of the Shanghai Cooperative Medical Ethics Association, is preparing to review the operation of mental health ethics guidelines, published this year is expected.
Xu Yifeng introduction, the development of the ethics committee began in the 1990s, a great number of medical institutions established the Ethics Committee. In Shanghai, for example, three hospitals have ethics committees, nearly six two general hospitals have ethics committees.Shanghai Mental Health Center told the Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou three cities on the "clinical trials ethical attitude" survey, 1177 medical personnel, 3454 mental illness and their families to participate. It was found that 87.8% do not have mental health hospital ethics committee, most of district level health institutions. At the same time, the negative attitude of both doctors and patients in clinical trials is also worthy of attention. Survey, 78.6% of people in clinical trials uncertain whether help patients; 50% of people believe that clinical trials of pharmaceutical companies in the equivalent study; most people do not want to participate in clinical trials of the informed consent, stems from the efficacy of new medicines uncertainty and fear of side effects.Xu Yifeng said, our mental health workers should receive ethics training and learning, rich ethical knowledge, and universal mental health knowledge and ethical awareness to the public. Establish a mature system of ethical review is imperative.
Xu Yifeng says that as of now, our patients with mental disorders are about 100 million people, including patients with serious mental disorders about 16 million people, but the field of mental health clinical trial registration carried out quite small, for this area is the ethical concern rare.Xu Yifeng said that there was an international multi-center clinical trials, hope in the country conducted by the Shanghai Mental Health Center lead, but the hospital ethics committee review found that the informed consent translation was very simple, does not comply with the relevant regulations, they did not carry out This research.
"A standardized informed consent must meet two requirements: inform the full details of the content, the language is straightaway inform the international standard is in line with the reading ability of junior high school graduates," Xu Yifeng said, "In the medical practice, Because of professional knowledge, skills and other resources, unequal, patients and their families in a relatively weak one, mental illness is more specific, it must be considered for such special groups, in order to protect their rights and interests, based on the informed consent requirement more stringent. "Xu Yifeng introduced, if found in patients with associated impaired and unable to customize the implementation of informed consent, it is necessary to let the legal guardians together."In our hospital, patients and their families after reading the informed consent form, but also to answer a 'paper', there are multiple-choice questions about the content of the above-consent by the answer, it is determined whether or not they fully understand this informed consent, and further decides whether they can sign. "Xu Yifeng said.
Guardian can sign it on behalf of a patient?
Clinical trials often involve financial rewards, so easily lead to conflicts of interest. For patients with mental illness, the problem becomes more complex.Xu Yifeng, for example, the hospital has been carried out clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease in recruiting subjects, medical personnel will face this problem: elderly patients with no self-awareness, can not make decisions on behalf of their children can decide it?"If the patient is a child, the parents took the signature, usually no problem; but if the parents are patient, signed on behalf of their children, the hospital will need to be treated with caution, for example, an Alzheimer's patients have three children, we need to elect them as one. representatives signed, but the premise is that the three children must agree, as long as there is an objection, we will not let the patient in a clinical trial. "Xu Yifeng said," in the study of mental illness, because of the special nature of the patient, informed consent process often requires additional protection. "At present, the field of mental health and informed consent ethical review standards and the lack of relevant instructions. In this regard, Xu Yifeng said the hospital ethics committee of the Shanghai Cooperative Medical Ethics Association, is preparing to review the operation of mental health ethics guidelines, published this year is expected.
Xu Yifeng introduction, the development of the ethics committee began in the 1990s, a great number of medical institutions established the Ethics Committee. In Shanghai, for example, three hospitals have ethics committees, nearly six two general hospitals have ethics committees.Shanghai Mental Health Center told the Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou three cities on the "clinical trials ethical attitude" survey, 1177 medical personnel, 3454 mental illness and their families to participate. It was found that 87.8% do not have mental health hospital ethics committee, most of district level health institutions. At the same time, the negative attitude of both doctors and patients in clinical trials is also worthy of attention. Survey, 78.6% of people in clinical trials uncertain whether help patients; 50% of people believe that clinical trials of pharmaceutical companies in the equivalent study; most people do not want to participate in clinical trials of the informed consent, stems from the efficacy of new medicines uncertainty and fear of side effects.Xu Yifeng said, our mental health workers should receive ethics training and learning, rich ethical knowledge, and universal mental health knowledge and ethical awareness to the public. Establish a mature system of ethical review is imperative.
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