Announced on June 13 this results from the one aimed at better understanding plays a key role in the process, from digestion to infections and other bacteria and other microorganisms, by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (National Institutes of Health) funding, took five years, one of the results of a cost of $ 173 million of human microbial engineering "(Human Microbiome Project).
Scientists know that the stranger trillions of such microorganisms ─ ─ in fact, they outnumber human cells in the human body, both the ratio of 10:1. But until now, scientists still do not understand all types of bacteria, dwelling location and the distinction between different human difference and the same body in different locations.
St. Louis (St. Louis) Washington University School of Medicine (Washington University School of Medicine), children with digestion and director of nutrition Philip • Tal (Phillip Tarr), which involves 80 agencies, the project leader of about 200 researchers one, he said, "This is actually a new field of biology."
Piece of a new gene map will support some of the causes of a combination of genetic factors and human bacterial community changes in disease research.
University of California, San Francisco (the University of California) biologist Michael • Feishibahe,, (Michael Fischbach), said, "This research could lead to new therapies for Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disorders], diabetes and metabolic new treatments of the disease, as well as other diseases such as eczema, new therapies. "He was not involved in the project.
Dr. Feishibahe reminded related new drug "for a long time, because there are still many problems to be solved - is not only the interaction between genes and bacteria, the bacteria in the huge differences between different human .
The researchers said from the beginning of the history of mankind, microorganisms housed in the body into. Director of the U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute (National Human Genome Research Institute), Eric Green Eric Green said, "Most of the time we live in harmony with them." Plays in the digestion and the process is very important for human survival a key role.
But sometimes, this beneficial relationship will disintegrate, leading to the disease.
Dr. Green said, "We need a better understanding of the normal microbial what kind and under what circumstances it will change, and thus trigger or affect the disease."
These findings were published in "Nature" (Nature) and the Public Library of Science "(Public Library of Science) and other publications, is based on the location of the 242 healthy volunteers in the United States such as the mouth, nose, skin, intestinal and vaginal sample of studies. These samples were analyzed by the DNA sequencing machines to draw the DNA profiles in the Human Genome Project (Human Genome Project).
The Human Genome Project confirmed the approximately 22,000 human genes, the project in human micro-organisms - living micro-organisms within the human body or surface, found in more than 8 million genes, and identified over 10,000 micro-organisms.
One of the researchers of the project, Texas Baylor College of Medicine Children microbial Center (Texas Children's Microbiome Center at Baylor College of College of Medicine), James Vail Saro Vic (James Versalovic) said, "This gives the genes of healthy people reference group and microbes. "
Under the plan, the researchers will have children, the elderly, people from Africa and South America and other continents, as well as patients who microbial similar analysis to proven micro-organisms in the maintenance of health or lead to the role in the disease.
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