The report also pointed out that the current work, there are still responsibilities are not in place, the system is not perfect, the facilities do not match other issues.
Urban drinking water sources
Water quality conditions are not optimistic
On urban water security, the report pointed out that the water quality of the water source is not optimistic. According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection 2011 survey shows that centralized drinking water sources in the state of the environment on the city level and above, about 3.57 billion cubic meters of water quality is not up to 11.4% of the total water supply. The problem of lake eutrophication, frequent algal blooms, river water security risk, prone to sudden water pollution incident. Laid a large number of industrial projects in the rivers along the coast, many of the tailing pond is located upstream of the drinking water source, the major rivers and the surrounding mobile source pollution risk, a direct threat to the safety of drinking water.
In some areas the water supply capacity is insufficient. Some areas, particularly in the southwest water project construction has seriously lagged behind the project water shortage very acute problem; Northwest regional resource water shortage problems in long-term can not be resolved. Urban water supply coverage of central and western regions were 85.0% and 87.4%, lower than the national average, the county and the towns water supply coverage was 85.1% and 79.6% respectively, below the city level.
Urgent need to improve laws and regulations, and supporting policies. "Urban Water Supply Regulations have been promulgated and implemented 18 years, part of the contents can not meet the new regulatory requirements, lack of market access exit mechanism. Enterprises to enter the water market currently does not have any access threshold, some local governments in the introduction of the partners, focusing on capital while ignoring the capacity and performance of the exit mechanism is not established.
The report pointed out that the price of water by residents affordability and other factors is difficult to promptly adjust in place, unable to protect the facilities renovation and overhaul costs, water supply companies unable to put into, and also a lack of reconstruction and construction of water supply facilities. According to preliminary statistics, as of the end of 2011, the loss of the public water supply enterprises 31%, the balance is higher than 50%.
Rural water supply facilities
Remains weak
On rural drinking water security, the report pointed out that the rural drinking water safety task is still arduous. Overall, rural water supply facilities is still relatively weak. The construction and management difficult. Complex natural and geographical conditions in rural areas, the population live in scattered, economic and social development level is not high, the investment needs of water supply projects, engineering and construction standards, some areas do not have the conditions can only take measures to solve the problem of drinking water dispersed or single village water supply project.
The long-term project run mechanism to be further improved. The relatively small size of the rural water supply project, the high cost of water supply, the price of water is not in place, it is difficult to achieve the professional management of the establishment of engineering benign operation mechanism is difficult. As of the end of 2010, the country had built a centralized rural water supply project, 90 percent of single-village water supply project; the national rural drinking water safety projects an average price of water is also less than the full cost, the vast majority of works can only maintain the daily operation, water fees only to cover the operating costs can not be full extraction projects depreciation and overhaul costs, do not have the ability to overhaul and renovation.
Water conservation and water quality protection is relatively weak. Complex type of drinking water sources in rural areas, small-scale, widely distributed, the problem of agricultural nonpoint source pollution, as well as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater discharge standards, water source protection is difficult, and the protection measures is difficult to fully implement, even in the southern part of the water resources are relatively rich regions is also difficult to find qualified water. The absence of special funds, in some places the lack of water quality testing equipment and professional and technical personnel, water quality testing work is weak.
The report also pointed out that in some areas, grass-roots management and technical forces. In recent years, rural drinking water safety project construction efforts to increase the project time is tight, and heavy task, but in most parts of rural drinking water safety engineering and management strength and no corresponding increase in staff training lag, not the overall quality of the service system is not perfect engineering professional management is not high.
Rural drinking water safety issues
Comprehensive settlement of the 2015
The report pointed out, the next step will continue to take strong measures to further promote the safety of drinking water protection.
Speed up the renovation and construction of urban water supply facilities. "12th Five-Year" period, priority upgrade correctional facilities behind a water supply plant to solve the problems of cities officially designated and county water plant effluent can not be stable targets. Strengthen the construction of emergency water supply capacity and improve the response to the sudden water pollution and natural disasters, water supply security capabilities.
Strengthen the construction and management of rural drinking water safety projects. Conscientiously implement the National Rural Drinking Water Safety Project "12th Five-Year Plan", 2015, a comprehensive solution to rural drinking water safety issues, so that the centralized water supply of rural population had risen to about 80%.
Strengthen the monitoring capacity-building. Accelerate the capacity building of national water resources monitoring, about three years time, the construction of 14000 taking water users, water function area and provincial boundary section, state-controlled monitoring points. Accelerate the national groundwater monitoring project to improve the national groundwater quality and quantity dynamic monitoring system, the implementation of dynamic monitoring of groundwater quality, the water level, building a modern groundwater monitoring network. Implementation of co-management of health supervision in the township health centers and other primary health care institutions, the establishment of drinking water, health and safety person responsible, to strengthen drinking water, health and safety inspections, to expand the scope of monitoring to cover all prefecture-level cities in 2015.
Improve the investment and financing mechanisms. Establish both without losing government control, can inspire social capital into the urban water supply investment and financing mechanisms to attract private capital investment in building water supply facilities, the study of public funds into the relevant policies of the urban water supply industry. Establish and improve market access for exit mechanism.
Strengthening public participation. Timely publication of the excessive extraction of groundwater and pollution monitoring information, and to encourage water companies reporting the status of the quality of water supplies, the implementation of rural drinking water safety project construction and management of the publicity system to allow the public to fully enjoy the right. To establish and improve public participation and oversight mechanisms.
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